Hello Chris,
Sitefinity is only acceptor for AD user and roles. The only way to achieve your requirement is adding custom code in the code behind of your Login control and add the user that is trying to loggin as a cms user and add it to a new role - say ADCmsRole. The AD user uses his/her credentials to access Sitefinity backend. Here we are creating the same user with the same password in Sitefinity default membership provider. Then we add the user to a Sitefinity role.
All the best,
Ivan Dimitrov
the Telerik team